Example 1
On 1st April, started business with cash ₹1,00,000. Show the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Owner
ne business mein cash introduce kiya matlab Capital increase hua, aur
business ko Cash mila.
- Rule:
Cash account (asset) increase ⇒
debit; Capital account (owner’s equity) increase ⇒
credit.
Journal Entry (Table):
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
L.F.
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-01
|
Cash A/c Dr.
|
|
1,00,000
|
|
|
To
Capital A/c
|
|
|
1,00,000
|
|
(Being amount introduced
as capital)
|
|
|
|
|
Example 2
Purchased furniture for ₹10,000, paid by cash immediately. Pass the journal
entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Furniture
ek asset hai, isko purchase kiya => Furniture A/c debit (asset
increase).
- Cash
pay kiya => Cash A/c credit (asset decrease).
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-02
|
Furniture A/c Dr.
|
10,000
|
|
|
To Cash
A/c
|
|
10,000
|
|
(Being furniture
purchased for cash)
|
|
|
|
Example 3
Bought goods (inventory) from Mr. A on credit for ₹30,000. Show the journal
entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Goods
purchased on credit →
“Purchases
A/c”
(expense or stock) Dr.
- Supplier
(Mr. A) becomes a creditor →
credit Mr. A.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-03
|
Purchases A/c Dr.
|
30,000
|
|
|
To Mr.
A A/c
|
|
30,000
|
|
(Being goods bought
on credit)
|
|
|
|
Example 4
Sold goods to Mr. B (on credit) for ₹25,000. Show the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Humne
goods sale ki, toh “Sales A/c” credit (income).
- Buyer
(Mr. B) ban jata hai debtor →
debit Mr. B.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-04
|
Mr. B A/c Dr.
|
25,000
|
|
|
To
Sales A/c
|
|
25,000
|
|
(Being goods sold
on credit)
|
|
|
|
Example 5
Rent paid by cash ₹5,000. Pass the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Rent
ek expense hai →
expense increase ⇒
debit.
- Cash
pay hua → cash decrease ⇒
credit.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-05
|
Rent A/c Dr.
|
5,000
|
|
|
To Cash
A/c
|
|
5,000
|
|
(Being rent paid in
cash)
|
|
|
|
Example 6
Paid electricity bill ₹2,000 by cheque. Show the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Electricity
bill bhi expense hai →
“Electricity
Expense A/c”
(ya “Electricity
Charges A/c”)
debit.
- Payment
by cheque →
“Bank
A/c”
credit.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-06
|
Electricity
Expenses A/c Dr.
|
2,000
|
|
|
To Bank
A/c
|
|
2,000
|
|
(Being electricity
charges paid via cheque)
|
|
|
|
Example 7
Received commission ₹3,000 in cash. Pass the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Commission
income → Commission
Received A/c credit.
- Cash
received →
Cash A/c debit.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-07
|
Cash A/c Dr.
|
3,000
|
|
|
To
Commission A/c
|
|
3,000
|
|
(Being commission
received in cash)
|
|
|
|
Example 8
Owner withdrew ₹4,000 from the business for personal use. Show the journal
entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Jab
owner paisa nikalta hai personal use ke liye, usko “Drawings” kehte hain.
- Cash
ya Bank se paisa nikal raha hai →
credit Cash/Bank.
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-08
|
Drawings A/c Dr.
|
4,000
|
|
|
To Cash
A/c
|
|
4,000
|
|
(Being cash
withdrawn by proprietor)
|
|
|
|
Example 9
Received a cheque of ₹15,000 from Mr. B (the debtor) in full settlement of his
₹16,000 due. The balance ₹1,000 is discount allowed by us. Pass the journal
entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Mr.
B owed 16k, but he paid 15k by cheque. ₹1k discount humne allow kiya.
- “Bank
A/c” debit (we received cheque) →
15,000
- “Discount
Allowed A/c” debit →
1,000
- “Mr.
B A/c” credit →
16,000 (clear his full debt).
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-09
|
Bank A/c Dr.
|
15,000
|
|
|
Discount Allowed
A/c Dr.
|
1,000
|
|
|
To Mr.
B A/c
|
|
16,000
|
|
(Being cheque
received in full settlement, discount allowed)
|
|
|
|
Example 10
Paid Mr. A ₹14,500 by cash in full settlement of his account of ₹15,000. We
received a discount of ₹500 from Mr. A. Pass the journal entry.
Solution (Hinglish)
- Mr.
A ka payable 15k, par hum 14.5k deke settle kar rahe hain. 500 discount
hume mila.
- “Mr.
A A/c” debit 15,000 (closing his payable).
- “To
Cash A/c” 14,500 (actual payment).
- “To
Discount Received A/c” 500 (income for us).
Table:
|
Date
|
Particulars
|
Debit (₹)
|
Credit (₹)
|
|
2025-Apr-10
|
Mr. A A/c Dr.
|
15,000
|
|
|
To Cash
A/c
|
|
14,500
|
|
To
Discount Received A/c
|
|
500
|
|
(Being amount paid
in full settlement, discount received)
|
|
|
|
